Common prosperity is an essential requirement of socialism and a key feature of Chinese-style modernization. Realizing common prosperity is the shared aspiration of all Chinese people and the original aspiration and the mission of the Communist Party of China (CPC). Since the 18th CPC National Congress, the Party has led the Chinese people to win the fight against poverty and accomplish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, creating favorable conditions for promoting common prosperity. Now, China has advanced into a historical stage in which we will make solid steps toward common prosperity. The most arduous and formidable tasks in advancing common prosperity still lie in rural areas.

I. Most Arduous and Formidable Tasks in Advancing Common Prosperity Still Lie in Rural Areas

The principal contradiction facing Chinese society in the new era is that between unbalanced and inadequate development and the people's ever-growing needs for a better life. To a certain extent, the multifaceted needs for a better life are also the basic requirements for achieving a prosperous life. The people's need for a better life does not refer to the needs of some people, but the needs of all people. In other words, the people's need for a better life is the core principle of common prosperity. China still faces the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development. Inadequate development means that the people are still not wealthy enough in the material dimension and the cultural and ethical dimension. Unbalanced development means that some people are wealthy while others are not, and that there is still an imbalance between the material wealth and the spiritual wealth. Therefore, unbalanced and inadequate development is the key problem that restricts common prosperity. The process of continuously solving the principal contradiction facing Chinese society is the process of gradually realizing common prosperity. At present, the greatest imbalance in China's development is the urban-rural imbalance, and the greatest inadequacy is that of rural development. Therefore, solving the problem of agriculture, rural areas and farmers is solving the main aspect of the principal contradiction facing Chinese society, it is also the most arduous and formidable task in advancing common prosperity.

Ⅱ. Theoretical Guidance and Practical Experience for Promoting Common Prosperity Among Farmers and in Rural Areas

The new development philosophy is the theoretical guidance for promoting common prosperity among farmers and in rural areas

The new development philosophy is a scientific theory guiding development in the new era. Applying the new development philosophy will help address the issue of insufficient and unbalanced development. Therefore, the new development philosophy is the basic rule and a guide to action for China to promote common prosperity for everyone.

In the process of promoting common prosperity among farmers and in rural areas, the development concept of innovation is mainly reflected in scientific and technological innovation and institutional innovation. In terms of scientific and technological innovation, on one hand, farmers can achieve prosperity through better development of production in the production process by promoting agricultural scientific and technological innovations such as improved seed cultivation, disease and pest control, agricultural machinery and agricultural technology. On the other hand, farmers can sell good products at good prices in circulation by using digital and information tools such as the Internet, big data and Internet of Things. The institutional innovation is mainly reflected in the process of rural industrialization development. Through the innovative arrangement of the operation mechanism of all links in the whole agricultural industrial chain, an orderly and smooth process will be set up in agricultural land transfer, credit mortgage, cooperation and co-construction, brand building, production and marketing docking and other aspects, so as to better promote agricultural industrialization, help farmers better integrate into the industrial chain and share the benefits of industrial development.

The purpose of coordinated development is mainly to address the issue of unbalanced development. In the process of promoting common prosperity among farmers and in rural areas, its main task is to further clarify the questions of who will coordinate, what to coordinate and how to coordinate in promoting the development of rural industries and improving public services.

The concept of green development emphasizes how to improve working and living conditions on the premise of harmonious development between humans and nature. For example, lumbermen in forest areas have become rangers, farmers who burned wood and coal for cooking and heating now use natural gas or electricity. The concept of green development also emphasizes the development philosophy that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, and aims to turn ecological advantages into economic advantages to better driving farmers to increase their incomes and stay out of poverty.

The concept of open development focuses on addressing the issue of internal and external coordination in development. In the process of rural development, we should not only seek development on the basis of our current conditions, but also pay attention to attracting external capital and assistance of wide-ranging actors. Foreign investors should always uphold the business philosophy of driving common development among farmers and avoid the situation of rich bosses and poor fellow villagers.

Shared development focuses on addressing the issue of social fairness and justice. In the process of rural development, we should work to improve infrastructure services and enhance the basic public services and their accessibility. We should also make efforts to implement the development philosophy that integrates universal sharing, all-round sharing, joint contribution and sharing and gradual sharing, so as to promote common prosperity among farmers and in rural areas.

Poverty alleviation provides practical experience for promoting common prosperity among farmers and in rural areas

In 2020, China won the fight against poverty as scheduled and completely eliminated absolute poverty. The historic achievements of poverty alleviation have, on one hand, lifted the poor people out of poverty and enabled them to embark on the path to prosperity and on a new journey toward all-round rural revitalization at a new starting point. On the other hand, the theory of poverty alleviation with Chinese characteristics has been formed in the process of poverty alleviation. This theory and its practice provide good practical experience for how to better promote common prosperity among farmers and in rural areas at this stage. In his speech at a grand gathering to mark the country's accomplishments in poverty alleviation and honor its model poverty fighters, Chinese President Xi Jinping summarized China's important experience and understanding in conquering poverty as seven principles in the white paper titled Poverty Alleviation: China's Experience and Contribution in 2021, which including upholding the people-centered philosophy, highlighting poverty alleviation in the governance of China, eradicating poverty through development, pressing ahead with poverty alleviation based on reality, letting the poor play the principal role, and pooling all resources to create synergy. In general, to better guide the action for and promote common prosperity among farmers and in rural areas, we should adhere to the principles of upholding the Party’s overall leadership and coordination, addressing problems in development, mobilizing the energies of our whole society, and boost farmers' internal forces to pool strength in the fight against poverty.

The overall requirements of rural revitalization are in step with the goal of promoting common prosperity among farmers and in rural areas

The report delivered to 19th CPC National Congress put forward that we must prioritize the development of agriculture and rural areas. To build rural areas with thriving businesses, pleasant living environments, social etiquette and civility, effective governance, and prosperity, we need to put in place sound systems, mechanisms, and policies for promoting integrated urban-rural development, and speed up the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. Among them, thriving businesses are an important foundation for rural vitalization and an important precondition for addressing rural problems. Thriving businesses can provide an important material foundation for realizing common prosperity among farmers and in rural areas. With regard to pleasant living environments, ecology stresses green development, while livable environments stresses that rural infrastructure such as water, electricity, gas, roads, networks and toilets and public service capacities should meet the people's needs for a better life. Social etiquette and civility emphasizes the construction of rural spiritual civilization and constant improvement of social civilization and spiritual prosperity in rural areas. Effective governance emphasizes that organizations at all levels under the Party's leadership should be able to lead, plan and coordinate in an all-round way, better promote rural industrial vitalization, talent vitalization, cultural vitalization, ecological vitalization and organizational vitalization, and promote overall upgrading of agriculture, comprehensive progress in rural areas and well-rounded development of farmers. In summary, the overall requirements of the rural vitalization strategy are in step with the goal of promoting common prosperity among farmers and in rural areas. Fully advancing rural vitalization can promote common prosperity among farmers and rural areas. To achieve common prosperity among farmers and in rural areas, we need to fully advance rural vitalization.

Ⅲ. Build a Three-Pronged Mechanism to Promote Common Prosperity Among Farmers and in Rural Areas

Development mechanism for promoting common prosperity among farmers and in rural areas. To promote the common prosperity among farmers and in rural areas, the primary task is to accelerate development. It's an essential requirement that the people share more fully and fairly in the gains of development. The development mechanism mainly includes four aspects. First, mutual promotion between the three industries. Promoting common prosperity among farmers and in rural areas requires both the development of rural industries and the development of urban industries. It needs not only agricultural industrialization, but also the integrated development and mutual promotion between primary, secondary, and tertiary industries in rural areas. Industrial development can provide jobs for farmers, therefore, the integration of the three industries can better extend the industrial chain, the value chain and the supply chain, and provide farmers with more sources of income. Second, connectivity of infrastructure construction. The foundation of rural industrial development is the realization of connectivity of urban and rural infrastructure, which includes not only the connectivity of road transportation and logistics distribution, but also the construction and connectivity of new infrastructure such as the Internet, as well as the connectivity of systems, rules and standards in urban and rural development. We should attach importance to the comprehensive empowerment of digital technology and other new technologies in rural production, logistics and public services. Third, urban-rural complementarity. Promoting rural development requires us not to limit our vision to rural areas. We should explore rural development models from the perspective of thinking cities and rural areas as organic integrity, pay attention to promoting the two-way flow and market unification of urban and rural resources, elements and services, and lead rural development through urban-rural complementarity and mutual promotion. Four, mutual learning of models. Different development foundations and conditions in rural areas lead to different development situations and models. Developed rural villages can provide development models for other rural areas to learn from.

A coordination mechanism to promote common prosperity among farmers and in rural areas. The coordination mechanism mainly discusses in four dimensions how to promote the development of farmers and rural areas by coordinating all parties to enable farmers better share in the fruits of development. First, mutual assistance between regions. The development of rural areas, especially the development of key counties receiving assistance for rural vitalization, cannot be realized without external assistance. The mechanism of paired assistance between the eastern and western regions established in the process of poverty alleviation can continue to play a role in promoting common prosperity among farmers and in rural areas. The regional mutual assistance mechanism can provide all-round assistance for relatively less developed rural areas. Second, mobilization among counties. With regard to promoting common prosperity among farmers and in rural areas, the basic public service in rural areas is an important factor to enhance farmers' sense of happiness and satisfaction. In the actual development process, the equalization of basic public services does not necessarily mean that all public services should be reduced to the village level. Instead, we should carry out planning and coordination within the county area based on the actual situation, strengthen the counties' comprehensive service and the townships' role in serving farmers, so as to meet the multi-level needs of farmers for basic public services. Third, collective mutual assistance. Village collectives play a connecting role in the process of promoting common prosperity among farmers and in rural areas. Village collectives should coordinate and implement the national policy measures to support and benefit agriculture, rural areas and farmers. Enhanced economic strength of village collectives can better promote common development among the villagers. Fourth, cooperation and mutual benefit. Rural industrial development need the participation of many economic entities, such as major enterprises, village collectives, cooperatives and farmer households. The construction of a multiparty coordination mechanism for cooperation profit will benefit the sustainable development of rural industries and provide opportunities for villagers to increase their income and head towards a prosperous future together.

A support mechanism to promote common prosperity among farmers and in rural areas. The support mechanism mainly discusses in three dimensions how to ensure the concrete implementation of the above-mentioned development mechanism and coordination mechanism. First, the Party’s overall leadership. The CPC’s fundamental purpose and the socialist system determine that by upholding the Party’s overall leadership, we can leverage the advantages of the socialist system to do great things, and better devote ourselves to promoting development with people-centered philosophy. In the process of promoting common prosperity among farmers and in rural areas, the Party exercises overall leadership over the whole process and every link of rural development. Under the Party's leadership and coordination, rural development should adhere to the laws of economic and social development, coordinate needs and possibilities, and better promote common prosperity among farmers and in rural areas. Second, underpinning of the basic system. China’s basic socialist economic system and basic management system in rural areas ensure the core and important role of the public sector, especially the rural collective property rights system, in rural development. Ownership determines the distribution relations, therefore, the rural collective economy can ensure that rural collective members better share in the fruits of development. Third, the guarantee of composite national strength. Under the Party's leadership and the basic socialist economic system, China's state-owned enterprises and state capital are continuing to grow and develop, the private businesses and businesses of other types are thriving, and China's composite strength are continuing to increase. The continuous improvement of composite national strength can lay a material foundation for common prosperity among farmers and in rural areas. On one hand, it can inject new vitality into better development of rural areas. Farmers can increase their income through the development of production and make money through migrant work. On the other hand, it can ensure universal access to basic public services in rural areas and continuously improve the service.